Whole plant foods, including fruit, vegetables, and whole grain cereals, protect against chronic human diseases such as heart disease and cancer, with fiber and polyphenols thought to contribute significantly. These bioactive food components interact with the gut microbiota, with gut bacteria modifying polyphenol bioavailability and activity, and with fiber, constituting the main energy source for colonic fermentation. This paper discusses the consequences of increasing the consumption of whole plant foods on the gut microbiota and subsequent implications for human health. In humans, whole grain cereals can modify fecal bacterial profiles, increasing relative numbers of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Polyphenol-rich chocolate and certain fruits have also been shown to increase fecal bifidobacteria. The recent FLAVURS study provides novel information on the impact of high fruit and vegetable diets on the gut microbiota. Increasing whole plant food consumption appears to upregulate beneficial commensal bacteria and may contribute toward the health effects of these foods.

Tuohy, K.M.; Conterno, L.; Gasperotti, M.; Viola, R. (2012). Up-regulating the human intestinal microbiome using whole plant foods, polyphenols, and/or fiber. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, 60 (36): 8776-8782. doi: 10.1021/jf2053959 handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10449/21531

Up-regulating the human intestinal microbiome using whole plant foods, polyphenols, and/or fiber

Tuohy, Kieran Michael;Conterno, Lorenza;Gasperotti, Mattia;Viola, Roberto
2012-01-01

Abstract

Whole plant foods, including fruit, vegetables, and whole grain cereals, protect against chronic human diseases such as heart disease and cancer, with fiber and polyphenols thought to contribute significantly. These bioactive food components interact with the gut microbiota, with gut bacteria modifying polyphenol bioavailability and activity, and with fiber, constituting the main energy source for colonic fermentation. This paper discusses the consequences of increasing the consumption of whole plant foods on the gut microbiota and subsequent implications for human health. In humans, whole grain cereals can modify fecal bacterial profiles, increasing relative numbers of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Polyphenol-rich chocolate and certain fruits have also been shown to increase fecal bifidobacteria. The recent FLAVURS study provides novel information on the impact of high fruit and vegetable diets on the gut microbiota. Increasing whole plant food consumption appears to upregulate beneficial commensal bacteria and may contribute toward the health effects of these foods.
Human gut microbiota
Whole plant foods
Polyphenols
Fiber
Settore CHIM/10 - CHIMICA DEGLI ALIMENTI
2012
Tuohy, K.M.; Conterno, L.; Gasperotti, M.; Viola, R. (2012). Up-regulating the human intestinal microbiome using whole plant foods, polyphenols, and/or fiber. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, 60 (36): 8776-8782. doi: 10.1021/jf2053959 handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10449/21531
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