Porphyrin-MoS2 hybrid nanostructure: a self-assembled photocatalyst for enhanced organic dye degradation

Synthetic dyes are persistent and toxic water contaminants, posing significant environmental and health risks. Efficient photocatalytic degradation is critical for mitigating these pollutants. This study presents a novel MoS2 (3D)/Tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) (1D) hybrid photocatalyst synthesized via self-assembly. MoS2 nanoflowers, prepared through a hydrothermal method and thermally treated under Ar gas, were integrated with TCPP using non-covalent interactions, including π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic forces, to enhance and optimize interfacial contact and photocatalytic performance. The MoS2/TCPP composite achieved 95.72 % Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation within 75 min under simulated sunlight, enhancing the performance of standalone MoS2 and TCPP. This enhanced efficiency stems from superior charge separation and transfer at the inorganic-organic interface. These findings underscore the potential of MoS2/TCPP nanocomposites as highly effective, sustainable photocatalysts for wastewater treatment