The adoption of high-density plantings (HDP) in apple orchards started with the introduction of dwarfing rootstocks from East Malling’s (UK) breeding program. A range of spindle-derived training systems have been developed to improve light interception/distribution with a variation in leader numbers. Many of these training systems cannot guarantee early, consistent, and uniform illumination of the entire canopy. For this reason, planar 2-D canopies have been developed with varying numbers of primary axes with numerous second-order shoots. In this trial, carried out at the nursery level, three sites were selected: one in New Zealand (Hawke’s Bay Research Centre) and two in Italy (Bologna and Trento). Trees were produced with a single-, bi-, and tri-axis system utilizing three rootstocks (‘M27’, ‘M9’, ‘MM106’), characterized by an increasing level of vigor. The cultivation site played an important role in modulating early tree performance. Multi-leader trees reduced average shoot length in the Italian sites in the first year after grafting. The number of shoots and total growth developed on multi-leader trees was higher than single-axis trees. This may benefit growers that seek to use canopy architecture manipulation to fill space and control vigor when establishing HDP orchards

Lezzer, P.; Tustin, S.; Corelli-Grappadelli, L.; Serra, S.; Anthony, B.; Dorigoni, A.; Musacchi, S. (2022). Influences of propagation method, rootstock, number of axes, and cultivation site on ‘Fuji’ scions grown as single or multi-leader trees in the nursery. AGRONOMY, 12 (1): 224. doi: 10.3390/agronomy12010224 handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10449/73354

Influences of propagation method, rootstock, number of axes, and cultivation site on ‘Fuji’ scions grown as single or multi-leader trees in the nursery

Lezzer, Paolo
Primo
;
Dorigoni, Alberto;
2022-01-01

Abstract

The adoption of high-density plantings (HDP) in apple orchards started with the introduction of dwarfing rootstocks from East Malling’s (UK) breeding program. A range of spindle-derived training systems have been developed to improve light interception/distribution with a variation in leader numbers. Many of these training systems cannot guarantee early, consistent, and uniform illumination of the entire canopy. For this reason, planar 2-D canopies have been developed with varying numbers of primary axes with numerous second-order shoots. In this trial, carried out at the nursery level, three sites were selected: one in New Zealand (Hawke’s Bay Research Centre) and two in Italy (Bologna and Trento). Trees were produced with a single-, bi-, and tri-axis system utilizing three rootstocks (‘M27’, ‘M9’, ‘MM106’), characterized by an increasing level of vigor. The cultivation site played an important role in modulating early tree performance. Multi-leader trees reduced average shoot length in the Italian sites in the first year after grafting. The number of shoots and total growth developed on multi-leader trees was higher than single-axis trees. This may benefit growers that seek to use canopy architecture manipulation to fill space and control vigor when establishing HDP orchards
Apple
Growth
Planar canopy
High-density planting
Cordon system
Settore AGR/03 - ARBORICOLTURA GENERALE E COLTIVAZIONI ARBOREE
2022
Lezzer, P.; Tustin, S.; Corelli-Grappadelli, L.; Serra, S.; Anthony, B.; Dorigoni, A.; Musacchi, S. (2022). Influences of propagation method, rootstock, number of axes, and cultivation site on ‘Fuji’ scions grown as single or multi-leader trees in the nursery. AGRONOMY, 12 (1): 224. doi: 10.3390/agronomy12010224 handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10449/73354
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