Outbreaks of zoonotic diseases are recurrently occurring across Europe. Usually interpreted as the result of virus introductions into new areas, in many cases outbreaks are the result of environmental conditions favouring virus amplification or spillover into humans or livestock. Understanding the risk of emergence of vector borne zoonotic virus implies improving our knowledge of the interactions between vectors and vertebrates. This is specially relevant for West Nile virus, a flavivirus causing encephalitis among humans that has demonstrated its capacity to overwinter in Europe and produce until recent years, reduced outbreaks in humans and horses. The virus is able to replicate in most avian species, and mosquitoes get infected after feeding on viraemic birds. However, most mammal species are dead end hosts. To understand the potential of virus amplification we analysed the blood meal origin of mosquitoes trapped in Israel, Italy, Russia and Spain. Results show that some mosquito species feed mainly on birds (with a large potential for virus amplification) while others feed on mammals only. Important differences in diet composition also occurred between localities, probably due to vertebrate community composition. In Spain, WNV transmission risk for birds human and horses, was estimated based on mosquito abundance, vectorial competence and blood meal origin. Estimated risk fitted reasonably well interspecific differences in antibody prevalence and virus prevalence in mosquitoes. Vector ecology may contribute to understand risk of zoonotic virus outbreaks across Europe

Figuerola, J.; Martinez De la Puente, J.; Rizzoli, A.; Platonov, A.; Bin, H.; Muñoz, J.; Capelli, G.; Ruiz, S.; Rosa', R.; Vazquez, A.; Sanchez Seco, M.; Soriguer, R. (2013). Impact of vector ecology on virus amplification and spillover into humans and livestock: the case of West Nile virus in Europe. In: 5th European Congress of Virology (ECV), Lyon, September 11-14, 2013: S51-S52 (O37). url: http://goo.gl/34HwBe handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10449/23588

Impact of vector ecology on virus amplification and spillover into humans and livestock: the case of West Nile virus in Europe

Rizzoli, Annapaola;Rosa', Roberto;
2013-01-01

Abstract

Outbreaks of zoonotic diseases are recurrently occurring across Europe. Usually interpreted as the result of virus introductions into new areas, in many cases outbreaks are the result of environmental conditions favouring virus amplification or spillover into humans or livestock. Understanding the risk of emergence of vector borne zoonotic virus implies improving our knowledge of the interactions between vectors and vertebrates. This is specially relevant for West Nile virus, a flavivirus causing encephalitis among humans that has demonstrated its capacity to overwinter in Europe and produce until recent years, reduced outbreaks in humans and horses. The virus is able to replicate in most avian species, and mosquitoes get infected after feeding on viraemic birds. However, most mammal species are dead end hosts. To understand the potential of virus amplification we analysed the blood meal origin of mosquitoes trapped in Israel, Italy, Russia and Spain. Results show that some mosquito species feed mainly on birds (with a large potential for virus amplification) while others feed on mammals only. Important differences in diet composition also occurred between localities, probably due to vertebrate community composition. In Spain, WNV transmission risk for birds human and horses, was estimated based on mosquito abundance, vectorial competence and blood meal origin. Estimated risk fitted reasonably well interspecific differences in antibody prevalence and virus prevalence in mosquitoes. Vector ecology may contribute to understand risk of zoonotic virus outbreaks across Europe
2013
Figuerola, J.; Martinez De la Puente, J.; Rizzoli, A.; Platonov, A.; Bin, H.; Muñoz, J.; Capelli, G.; Ruiz, S.; Rosa', R.; Vazquez, A.; Sanchez Seco, M.; Soriguer, R. (2013). Impact of vector ecology on virus amplification and spillover into humans and livestock: the case of West Nile virus in Europe. In: 5th European Congress of Virology (ECV), Lyon, September 11-14, 2013: S51-S52 (O37). url: http://goo.gl/34HwBe handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10449/23588
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