Das Potential von Apfel-Birne-Hybriden für die Kernobstzüchtung

Hybrids of apple and pear have been bred and described before, however no vital and fertile ones were found which could have been used for pome fruit breeding. Lately, the authors studied the putative hybrid bred by M. Zwintzscher in the eighties at genetic, physiological, and phenotypical levels and found it to be a true hybrid. Unlike other reports on such hybrids, this one allowed breeder H. Schimmelpfeng in the nineties to yield an offspring of five F2 plants from it as maternal plant. The F2 plants are meanwhile flowering and regularly set fruits. Three of the sister F2 lines seem to possess potential as cultivars. These vital and fertile hybrids offer the opportunity to combine various parts of the pear genome with the apple genome by classical breeding, introducing new genetic factors into the latter and enabling breeding with these. With such partial genomes of pear non-host-resistances of pear against specific apple pathogens like apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) or new genes for biosynthesis of aroma compounds could be introduced by crosses. A new project to establish such a F3 generation is presented here